Commentry - (2022) Volume 7, Issue 2
Symptoms and Transmission of Monkey Pox Virus
Schultz Parker*Received: 16-May-2022, Manuscript No. AJVEPD-22-68205; Editor assigned: 19-May-2022, Pre QC No. AJVEPD-22-68205 (PQ); Reviewed: 02-Jun-2022, QC No. AJVEPD-22-68205; Revised: 09-Jun-2022, Manuscript No. AJVEPD-22-68205 (R); Published: 16-Jun-2022, DOI: 10.51268/2937-2709-22.07.009
Description
Monkey pox is a viral disease that affects both animals and humans and causes symptoms that are similar to smallpox and is less severe. Monkey pox virus is a double-stranded DNA virus that belongs to the Poxviridae family’s orthopoxvirus genus. Monkeypox is similar to smallpox, but with a milder rash and lower mortality rate. Antiviral medications and smallpox immunizations may also be used to treat and prevent monkeypox. Monkey pox is a zoonotic disease, meaning that it can spread between animals and people, and is caused by Monkeypox virus, an Orthopoxvirus. Small mammals can carry the virus, sometimes without apparent symptoms, while non-human primates can get sick with monkeypox and have signs of disease like humans.
The signs and symptoms of monkey pox in people are similar to those of smallpox but are less severe. Monkey pox symptoms include fatigue, headache, muscle aches, and fevers the main difference between smallpox and monkey pox symptoms is that monkey pox causes lymph node swelling (lymphadenopathy), but small pox does not cause lymph node. The incubation period (time from infection to symptoms) for monkey pox is usually 7−14 days but can range from 5−21 days. It effects the face (in 95% of cases), and palms of the hands and soles of the feet (in 75% of cases). Also affected are oral mucous membranes (in 70 percent of cases), genitalia (30 percent), and conjunctivae (20 percent), as well as the cornea. The rash evolves sequentially from macules, are followed by papules, which are (slightly raised hard lesions), vesicles, which are(clear fluid-filled lesions), and pustules in the progression of the rash (lesions filled with yellowish fluid), and crusts which dry up and fall off monkey pox virus is an enveloped double-stranded DNA virus that belongs to the orthopoxvirus genus of the Pox viridae family. The central African (Congo Basin) clade and the West African clade are two separate genetic clades of the monkey pox virus. In the past, the Congo Basin clade was thought to be more contagious and to produce more severe illness. The geographical division between the two clades has so far been in Cameroon, the only country where both virus clades have been found.
Transmission of the virus can be spread through coming into contact with an infected person or animal, as well as by touching contaminated surfaces. The virus usually enters the body through broken skin, inhalation, or mucous membranes in the eyes, nose, or mouth. Researchers believe that rather than direct touch with bodily fluids or indirect contact through clothing, human-to- human transmission mainly happens by inhalation of large respiratory droplets. Monkey pox has had a low rate of human-to-human transmission. Officials in charge of public health are concerned that the virus may currently be spreading covertly through community transmission, possibly through a new mechanism or route where and infections are occurring are still under investigation. Diagnosis is other rash disorders like chickenpox, measles, bacterial skin infections, scabies, syphilis, and medication-related allergies must all be examined in the clinical differential diagnosis. A clinical feature to identify monkey pox from chickenpox or smallpox is lymphadenopathy during the prodromal stage of the illness.