Advances in Animal Science, Theriogenology, Genetics and Breeding

Effective evaluation of poison in Cryptolepis sanguinolenta for use in veterinary medicine

Abstract


Ahmed HJ Zoheir, Abdoon AS, Mahrous KF, Amer MA

Acute and sub- acute oral toxicity assessment of the aqueous root extract of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta was studied in Sprague Dawley rats for possible use as animal medication. The extract (250 - 3000 mg/kg, p.o) was administered daily for a period of 72 h and (500 - 2000 mg/kg, p.o) for 14 days for acute and sub-acute studies respectively. Acute administration of the extract did not produce any physiological and behavioural changes. In the subacute toxicity studies however, a dose- dependent increase in the number of platelets (from a vehicle-treated control value of 353.00 ± 49.40 - 958.00 ± 42.50 in animals treated with 2000 mg/kg) was observed. Granulocyte number also increased dose-dependently (0.77±0.15 - 3.70±0.20) from the vehicle-treated control to the group that received 2000 mg/kg, indicating possible inflammation. Central nervous system toxicity and marginal enlargement of liver and kidney were evident in the 2000 mg/kg treated group. These findings however did not correlate with the biochemical and histopathological studies as no pathological changes occurred in the renal or hepato-biliary systems. The present results suggest that the aqueous root extract of C. sanguinolenta < 500 mg/kg orally is generally safe. However, caution should be taken with doses > 500 mg/kg as these may induce thrombocytosis, inflammation and central nervous system toxicity.

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